Form for casting reinforced-concrete piles.



J. E. WILHELM.

FORM FOR CASTING REINFORCED CONCRETE FILES.

APPLICATION FILED MAR-30. ms.

1,285,864. v Patented Nov. 26, 1918.

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FORM FOR CASTING REINFORCED CONCRETE FILES.

' APPLICATION FILED MAR. 30. IBIS.

1 ,285,86--L Patented Nov. 26, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2- //v VENTOR y m E Afi QW, Bp m/I w 73 ATT)" J. E.WILHELM. roam FOR CASTING REINFORCED CONCRETE mes.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 30, l9l6. 1,285,864.

Patented Nov. 26, 1918.

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UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEic.

JEssE E. WILH LM, E CLEVELAND, onio, .assienon To TH GREAT AKEs DREDGE &DOCK COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS,-.A- CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

FORM Eon casr ue n INi oRcEn-concnErE riLEsf T 0 all whom it mayconcern;

Be it known that I, JEssE E. WILHELM, a

citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county ofCuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and usefulImprovement in Forms for Casting Reinforced-ConcretePiles, of which thefollowing is a fulh clear, and exact description, reference being bad tothe accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to concrete. piles having laterally extendinginterlocking de vices. Such a pile. is'shown, described and claimed inmy prior application, Serial No.

59,386, filed November 3,1915, and of which this application is adivision. The general object of the invention is to provide-a simpleefficient and comparatively inexpensive moldin which the pile may becast, providing for the most convenient assembling of a pile with theinterlocking members.

The pile producedby .my process. comprises a concretebody cast aboutasuitable reinforcing skeleton, and preferably having a longitudinalopening along the axisof the pile. The interlocking device preferablycomprises laterally projecting metal wings each adapted to coact with acorresponding member on the next adjacent pile, these wings seating inlongitudinal grooves in the body of the pile and being secured inposition by members extending transversely around the exterior of thepile. These latter members are preferably carried in grooves sothat theymay not interfere with driving the pile. Y Y i In carrying outmyinvention the pile is cast in a mold comprising two or morelongitudinal separable sections having transverse inwardly extendingribs or projections adapted to form transverse grooves around theperimeter of the pile. These grooves are preferably spaced apart andextend substantially half way around the pile and those extending in onedirection" are offset or intermediately positioned with relation tothose extending in the other direction.

These transverse grooves meet oppositely positioned grooves extendingpreferably throughout the length of the pile and which are formed whenthe pile is cast. Theinterlocking members have one edge adaptedSpecification of Letters Patent.

PatentedNov. 26, 1918'.

this application filed March 30,

ed to seat" in the longitudinal grooves and are preferably provided witha series of openings registeringwith the transverse "grooves. a-llodslying in these grooves have their ends projecting through the openingsin the interlocking members and "nuts on the ends of these rods mayactto effectively hold the interlocking members in place.

The" longitudinali'opening along the axis of the pile may be formed'byatubular casing or pipe firmly cast-into the pile and forming part" ofthesame; or. this opening may be formed by acollapsible core which iswithdrawn after the concrete forming the to coact with aninterlockingdevice on the v adjacent pileandhave the other edge. adaptpile isset-MIn either instance the core or the tubular member is positionedwith relation to the pile by suitable ties extending aroundt-he core orpipe'and secured to vathe lower end of the pile. j

The mold is provided with inwardly extending ribs corresponding to thelongitudinal and transverse ribs of the pile assembled about areinforcing skeleton; one end of the mold is-closed by a suitabledriving point for the pile; the concrete is then poured into the mold;after the concrete is set the mold is removed; the interlocking membersare seated in the longitudinal grooves; and the transversesecuringmembers are then placed in position in the grooves with their endsengaging the interlocking members "and are suitably secured thereto. Thepile is preferably provided with a longitudinal passage extendingaxially throughout the length of the pile, and this passage may beformed either by casting a suitable tube into the pile which may formapart of the same when the concrete is set,'or may be formed by acollapsible' core adapted to be removed vafter the concrete is set. Thelongitudinal passage thus formed, provides for conveniently suitabledriving point may "be provided at after the pile is in position byoperating a drill through the longitudinal opening and then droppingthrough this opening to the lower end of the pile a suitable post oranchor member adapted to extend into the rock and upwardly into thepile. This opening may also be used for jetting the pile by forcingwater downwardly through the same.

The drawings illustrate one form of pile which may be constructed by myforming devices and also show the collapsible core which may be used inits construction. I will now describe my invention particularly withreference to such drawings.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of two piles. showing the interlocking andanchoring features; Fig. 2 is a plan of one of the piles showing theinterlocking members secured in position; Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectionshowing a portion of the reinforcing means and the means for holding thecore, for the longitudinal passage, in position; Fig. i is a transversesection through a mold showing the reinforcing structure and axial corein position ready for casting the pile; Fig. 5 is a longitudinalsectional detail of the mold shown in Fig. f taken on a smaller scale;Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional detail showing the members forforming the longitudinal and transverse grooves of the pile, the sectionbeing taken along a joint of the mold; Fig. '7 is a detail of one of thetransverse members for securing the interlocking devices in position;Fig. 8 is a somewhat diagrammatic view showing the method of forming theaxial opening through the pile by means of a collapsible core; Fig. 9 isan end elevation of such collapsible core; and Fig. 10 is a perspectiveof the member for forming the longitudinal groove and the recesses ateach side thereof.

Referring to the drawings by numerals, the concrete pile 1 is preferablyof an octagonal form made conical-shaped at its lower end, as indicatedat 2'. and provided with a metal cap 3 secured to the concrete andadapted to prevent the crushing of the point of the pile while it isbeing driven.

The interior of my concrete pile "is preferably reinforced by a steelstructure similar to the usual construction. As shown this reinforcingskeleton comprises a plurality of spaced apart longitudinal rods 5preferably extending substantially throughout the h of the pile. Theserods are relatively positioned and spaced with relation to each other byencircling rods 6. which are shown as looping around each of thevertical rods 5. These encircling rods may be provided in any desirednumber and arranged at separated points throughout the length of thepile.

The form of the interlocking feature of the pile shown in the drawingswill now be described. In casting the pile the concrete is formed withdiagonally opposite grooves 10 shown at corners of the octagonal.surface and extending throughout the length of the pile. Grooves 12extend transversely around the outside of the pile from one groove 10 tothe other and these grooves 12 are suitably spaced apart and extend inalternately opposite directions about the pile. Opposite the pointswhere the ends of. the grooves 12 meet the grooves 10, are providedrecesses 13 as shown in Figs. 2 and These longitudinal and transversegrooves receive the metal wings and the means for holding theminposition whereby one pile may be interlocked with and braced by thenext adjacent pile to form a substantially tight wall having greatdurability and strength.

At 15 are indicated interlocking members having one edge adapted to seatin the longitudinal grooves 12, the opposite edge being provided with arecess 16 and a tongue pon tionl7 adapted to fit in the correspondingrecess of the interlocking member on the next adjacent pile, after themanner of the usual form of'interlocking steel sheeting. Theseinterlocking members are provided with a series of openings which maystand opposite the ends of the grooves 12 when in position and receivethe threaded ends of securing rods 20. The ends of these securingmembers 20 are adapted to receive nuts 21 which occupy the recesses 13and it may be tightened to clamp the interlocking members securely inposition.

It will be seen that with a series of the members 20 extendingalternately in opposite directions around the exterior of the pile andthrough the interlocking members the nuts 21 being tightened inposition. that the interlocking members will be very rig idly andpermanently secured to the pile. The securing members 20 are preferablyround rods bent to fit the grooves 12 and lie entirely within the same.and it should be noted that when in position they do not interfere withthe driving of the pile. These securing members not only serve to holdthe interlocking members against longitudinal or lateral displacement.but. they materially add to the strength of the pile.

When the interlocking members are assenr bled on the body of the pile.as described, the piles may be driven side by side with the interlockingmembers in engagement. The permanency of the concrete, strengthened bythe interlocking members. not only provides a strong rigid wall. but theinterlocking devices so connect the piles that the wall is substantiallywater-tight. Whenever it is desirable, the lower ends of the pile may beanchored to rock or other hard strata indicated at 25 in Fig. 1. bydrilling downwardly into the rock through the longitudinal passage 26and then dropping through this opening a suitable post 27 adapted; to

substantially fit the drilled hole in the rock been provided on piles ofthis character by securing them to membersof the reinforcing skeletonand then surrounding the skeleton and the interlocking members with amold or casting. ,Great difficulties are encountered in securing suchrein forcing members to the skeleton and the handling is made awkward.The greatest difiiculty, however, is in making a mold which will fit theexterior of the reinforcing membersclose enough to prevent leakage ofthe concrete and still permit the mold members to be conveniently placedin position and readily removed. The reason for this latter diflicultyis that the reinforcing skele- 4 tons become bent and warped fromstacking them after being built, the distance between the interlockingwings is altered, and they no longer fit the portion of the molddesigned to be complementary thereto.

In casting my pile I prefer to use an octagonal mold divided atdiametrically opposite points thereby comprising two half mold members30 and 31 adapted to be secured together by suitable angle bars asindicated at 32 in Fig. 4. These angle bars may be secured together forcasting by readily removable bolts, clamps or other devices. At one endof the mold may be provided any suitable means (not shown) for holdingthe cap 3 in position during the casting of the pile. The grooves 12 areformed by inwardly extending transverse ribs 36 carried by the mold.Portions 38, in the nature of enlargements of the ribs 36, at theiropposite ends are adapted to stand against and be rigid with inwardlyprojecting longitudinal ribs 40 which form the longitudinal grooves 10in the pile. The detail in Fig. 6 indicates the shape of the ribs 36which extend through notches in the longitudinal ribs 10 and abut themembers 38. The longitudinal ribs A0 are preferably positioned by themold members 30 and 31 being held against shifting by the ribs 36extending into the notches 39 (Fig. 10) and abutting the members '38.These members or heads 38 stand alternately on opposite sides of theribs 40 and form the cavities 13 in the proper positions in the pile.After casting the pile, the mold members 30 and 31 are first removed,leaving the ribs 40 free to be withdrawn radially carrying with them themembers 38.

The sectional view in Fig. t shows the re inforcing structure and corein position in the mold. The core is shown as held in place by tie rods42 which preferably loop at their ends around diametrically oppositerods 5.

One of these tie rods 42 preferably extends around one side ofthe-coreand then several feet along the mold. another tie member extendsaround the opposite side of the mold and is attached tothe same verticalrods 5.

Still farther along other of these tie members similarly arranged,-mayextend from others of the vertical rods 5, thus positioning thecore'while leaving as much open space as possible to permit the freeflowing-ofconcrete into the mold.

tioned in the mold in any suitable manner. As a convement means I haveshown loops at which may be formed at the endotsome of the tie-,rods'a2, and project outwardly past the rods 5 engaged thereby, and extendshown. Thus, the reinforcing skeleton for r The reinforcing skeleton maybe ,posi- .into and engage corners of the mold as V the pile and thecollapsible core or tube for forming thelongitudinal passage arecentrally positioned while the concrete is poured into the mold.

A convenient form of collapsible core for the longitudinal opening ofthe pile is illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9 and is shown as comprisingthree members 50, 51 and 52 adapted to extend throughout the length ofthe pile and constructed to nest together as indicated in Fig. 9, toform a substantially cylindrical core. It will be noted that each of themembers comprising the core has a peripheral area of less than half ofthe circumference of the core and the member 50 has two surfaces 53 and54 which taper toward the center as they approach one end ofthe pile.

In operation, the core is nested in its proper form within thereinforcing structure and its lower end is positioned against a suitablecap point or plug 57 adapted to close the lower end of the cap member 3.The pile body is then cast about the core within the mold, and after theconcrete has hardened or set, the separate members of the core may bewithdrawn longitudinally. At 58 are indicated suitable eyes by which asuitable pulling device may be attached to these several members. Themember 50 is first withdrawn longitudinally upwardly as shown in Fig. 8,and it will be noted that upon first upward movement this member willbecome loosened and withdrawn freely. The member 16 will then be freeand may be withdrawn, and the member 17 then resting entirely loosely inthe passage may follow. To

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as Well as for the purpose of providing a pile which may be used eitheras an interlocking pile or as an ordinary pile, or may be equipped Withinterlocking members. In the apparatus I have provided for making suchpiles, the mold parts for the exterior are simple and easily handled, asthey comprise two parts separable on the same plane.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim is:

1. A mold for casting concrete piles comprising longitudinally separablemembers, means for securing the same together, longitudinally extendinginwardly projecting ribs adapted to form grooves in the outer surface ofthe pile and positioned by but separable from the mold members, andtransversely extending inwardly projecting ribs carried by the moldarranged to extend the full length of the pile to be cast, in-

wardly projecting ribs on the inner surface of the mold extending inalternate directions from one longitudinal rib to another and secured tothe inner surface of the mold, and means for forming recesses in thepile opposite the point Where the transverse ribs meet the longitudinalribs.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature.

JESSE E. lVILI-IELM.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe "Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C."

